Agreement in the snatch and a minima on the commitments of countries in 2015. The fight against global warming has revived the North-South divide.
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Climate Emergency Sirens might be more strident, the international community has still found time to stingy. Delegations from 195 countries, gathered from the 1 st December in Lima under the aegis of the UN, have once again exceeded the deadline before agreeing in extremis Sunday on a text whose stakes however not suffer from waiting. The task with which this conference was to address in detail the preparation of the global mobilization order of nations against global warming to be signed in Paris in December 2015.
We would be far enough away to hear the experts. “All the words are there, just, but expressed very weakly,” Pierre Radanne loose, informed observer of the UN conferences. In a year, all countries, without exception, will be linked by a new agreement to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), concluded in the French capital, to contain the mercury rise in the limit of 2 degrees by 2100.
The appointment of Lima helped forge this link but it appears much thinner. In fact, the slow pace of negotiations contrasted with the enthusiasm of recent months that followed the strong commitments agreed by the European Union and those historical, issued jointly by China and the United States. Slowness due to inertia, altogether traditional, oil powers, but not only. “We also felt a great sense of mounting distrust on the part of the most vulnerable countries,” Note Teresa Ribera, Director of the Development Institute sustainable and International Relations (IDDRI).
Discussions frozen
These countries fear they will not find their account in future UN mechanisms .dropoff window In the Peruvian capital, discussions are frozen on the substance and scope of national contributions to the war effort against global GHG defended by Ban Ki-moon, the UN secretary-general. A contribution is requested to formalize each country in 2015 for implementation post 2020 when the Paris agreement takes effect. The impassioned plea by John Kerry, US Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, calling for “the responsibility of all,” there will be nothing. “We fell in battle trenches” , lamented one observer. A relegated time, the gap between rich countries and the least developed countries, who fear that closing the door to the development, has quickly taken over. Especially between the close-knit group of African countries and the European Union, the first claimant, among others, to include in their national contributi ons very heavy investment for adaptation to climate change, while the second has long wanted to hear speak of the costs of mitigation.
The agreement is like probably no more on the roadmap expected by developing countries on the promised funding. Bar $ 100 billion in annual aid by 2020 is to be achieved, but the way to get there is still unclear. In the end, the Lima conference in Paris leaves a much higher market to cross that had hoped the French delegation led by Laurent Fabius, Minister of Foreign Affairs.
40% reduction in greenhouse gases by 2050
Respect this minimum rate of reduction of greenhouse gases is a necessity not to exceed 2 degrees of warming. The ideal would be to achieve a rate of 70%.
Joel Cossardeaux
Special Envoy in Lima
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