Since its creation in 1802 under Napoleon Bonaparte and his first badge delivered two years later, the Legion of Honour award both civilians and military for their merits acquired individually by their skills, for their contribution in their business to radiation, development and defense of France.
Redesigned in 1962 under General de Gaulle, the fixed law code quota by rank and dignity not to exceed: 113 425 knights, 10,000 officers , 1250 Commanders, 250 officers and 75 great grand ‘cross, or a total of 125,000 members. Currently, France has 92,000 holders of the Legion of Honour all ranks.
Who can apply?
You can not be a candidate in the Legion of Honour. It is the ministers who identify future decorated based on the proposals of the elected union or association officials, presidents of sports or professional federations. The list provided to the general law Chancellor is then scrutinized closely. Only 15% of cases are generally rejected.
For the highest French award given three times a year (January 1, April 1, October 1), it is nevertheless meet several criteria: be a French citizen (foreigners can be distinguished, but not members) have a criminal record, have at least 20 years of activity, be recognized for its merits and to include civic model figure.
The Legion of Honor, a star with five double spokes surmounted by a wreath of oak and laurel after a red ribbon is worn on the left side. Contrary to a persistent rumor, honorees have no real financial or material benefit expected (military perceive a symbolic annual rent of € 6.10 for a Knight Grand Cross for € 36.59. In contrast, Once his name announced in the Official Journal, the holder must fulfill the chancery expenses and choose a “godfather” who will give him the reward. It is possible to remove the Legion of Honor in case of breach of its responsibilities.
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They refused the Legion of Honor
In all, nearly one million people received the Legion of Honour since 1804. Thomas Piketty is not the first person who refused the Legion of Honour. Rare are those who refused after the publication of their names in the Official Journal. Thus, a total of 21 including the refusal economist.
We find in this list some famous names
– Nepomucene Lemercier . Refusing to take an oath before Napoleon, playwright prefer abandon the Legion of Honor
– Brigitte Bardot . she refuses to go for its decoration in 1985 for the cause of animals. “My Legion of Honour, I dedicate to the animals who suffer,” she said
– Gustave Courbet . Napoleon III decided to award him in 1898. But he will finish his answers “free” existence of any institution
– Maurice Ravel . nobody knows why the composer of the famous “Bolero” refused his appointment. “All his music accepts it,” wrote the musician Erik Satie
– Marcel Ayme . The author of “Green Mare” publicly deny that chooses the but it will still be made in 1949. He was invited to the Elysee, but does not make it inviting the authorities who appointed him to “carrer in the train” the Legion of Honour.
– Françoise Fressoz (Le Monde) and Marie-Ève Falklands (France Info): political journalists also gave up their decoration in 2009, finding that their career will justify such a distinction and that political journalists were staying “off honors”
-. Annie Thébaud-Mony : to show the indifference of governments with regard to occupational health and industrial unpunished crimes, the director of research at INSERM refused the honors in 2012
– Jacques Tardi. knighted in promoting January 1, 2013, the cartoonist renounce, claiming to want “to remain a free man and not be held hostage by any authority whatsoever.”
Saying no is not refuse!
The code provides a refusal after nomination by decree in the Official Gazette. But are not deemed refusal those who always claimed they did not receive the Legion of Honor. And among the people who have rejected any appointment before it is pronounced, especially there are the singers Georges Brassens in the song The Legion of Honour or Léo Ferré in There ‘ There is nothing more who criticized the institution. Claude Monet, Jacques Prévert and Pierre and Marie Curie.
Genevieve de Fontenay has always held this award “desecrated” because it was “distributed to anyone as a chocolate medal”. Jean-Paul Sartre refused to be transformed by the institutions. And he will give to the Legion of Honour and Literature Nobel. In 1968, Bourvil also said no to red tape while General De Gaulle offered to be his “godfather”. Philippe Séguin, former President of the National Assembly, refuse the Legion of Honour, who had never been granted to his dead father for the liberation of France.
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