According to a study conducted by Insee and Ined in 2012, and Wednesday output, 14 % of the homeless have studied in higher education. Among them, 10% are out graduates.
“The diploma does not protect systematically the precariousness”. Contrary to what one might think, to do great studies is not a guarantee of safety, in the face of precariousness. These are the findings of a report conducted by Insee and Ined in 2012, and published on Wednesday 28 September. The researchers are focusing on the situation of the 14,000 homeless and francophones over the age of 18 years. They found that among them, 14% had attended a training course in higher education, and that 10% had obtained a diploma. This may seem anecdotal, but these data make it possible to take conscience that “higher education graduates without home exist and their number is far from negligible”, argue the demographer, Philippe Cordazzo and the sociologist Nicolas Sembel.
data that does not surprise Samuel Coppens, which is at the Foundation of the Salvation Army. “In our institutions, many young people are graduates, or even permanent, he explains in Figaro. And when they receive a salary, it is not always sufficiently high to enable them to make ends meet”.
15% are HOMELESS during their studies
Although their living conditions are relatively close to those of other homeless people, graduates differ on some points. They have a report to the employment a little more dynamic, a state of health often judged (by them) “very good”, and experience more late-life on the street, are the two authors. Also, they are more supported by their “friends”: friends, neighbours, family. We thus learn that among the homeless, two profiles can be distinguished. First, those in which the degree is French: “the more often men, older, more alone, a little more often from the lower social classes, a little less parisian”. Then, those in which the diploma was obtained abroad, usually “women aged between 30 and 49 years of age, or under 30 years of age, with children, in couple, and from the middle classes”. Their situation “is indicative of a trajectory of the decommissioning of graduates born abroad and whose conditions of life upon their arrival in France have led to poverty, lack of valorisation of their degree, to obtain a French diploma or equivalency, and, often, (because) of discrimination”, noted Philippe Cordazzo and Nicolas Sembel. Regarding the precarious situation of the students, they estimate that about 15% of them have experienced a situation of sans-domicile in the course of their studies. They evoke “a phenomenon poorly known that it is difficult to measure the extent, probably under-estimated”.
of 143,000 homeless in France
According to the findings of this study, of 143,000 persons were not domiciled in 2012. In other words, this means that the number of homeless has increased by 50% in eleven years. Between 2001 and 2012, those who were foreign-born were much more numerous. For the most part, they were from former French colonies. Within the urban areas of 20,000 inhabitants or more, of 82,000 adults and over 30,000 children living on the street in 2001. Eleven years later, their number had increased to 58%. For this is the increase in the number of children (85%), it has been much more rapid than that of adults (49%). More surprising is, finally, a quarter of homeless people aged under 65 years had a job at the time of the survey. “What is not negligible, and corrects significantly the classical figure of the SDF that is very far from employability”, observe the two authors. One in two were unemployed and one in ten did not have the right to work (claimant and / or sick leave of more than three months). “It is a phenomenon which is particularly present in the Île-de-France and in the Rhône-Alpes region, where the longtements are very expensive,” says Samuel Coppens.
In 2011, the SAMU social of Paris, had carried out a similar study. It was found that 12% of the homeless had completed graduate studies.
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